Best Analysis The American Dream in The Great Gatsby

Best Analysis The American Dream in The Great Gatsby SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The Great Gatsby is an unfortunate romantic tale on a superficial level, yet it's most ordinarily comprehended as a cynical evaluate of the American Dream. In the novel, Jay Gatsby conquers his poor past to increase a staggering measure of cash and a restricted measure of social reserve in 1920s NYC, just to be dismissed by the old cash swarm. He at that point gets murdered in the wake of being messed up with them. Through Gatsby's life, just as that of the Wilsons', Fitzgerald scrutinizes the possibility that America is where anybody can ascend to the top with enough difficult work. We will investigate how this subject happens in the plot, quickly examine some key statements about it, just as do some character examination and more extensive examination of points encompassing the American Dream in The Great Gatsby. Guide What is the American Dream?The American Dream in the Great Gatsby plotKey American Dream quotesAnalyzing characters by means of the American DreamCommon conversation and article themes Brisk Note on Our Citations Our reference design in this guide is (chapter.paragraph). We're utilizing this framework since there are numerous versions of Gatsby, so utilizing page numbers would just work for understudies with our duplicate of the book. To discover a citation we refer to through section and passage in your book, you can either eyeball it (Paragraph 1-50: start of part; 50-100: center of section; 100-on: end of part), or utilize the hunt work in case you're utilizing an on the web or eReader adaptation of the content. What Exactly Is The American Dream? The American Dream is the conviction that anybody, paying little mind to race, class, sexual orientation, or nationality, can be fruitful in America (read: rich) in the event that they simply buckle down enough. The American Dream in this manner presents a really blushing perspective on American culture that disregards issues like fundamental prejudice and sexism, xenophobia, tax avoidance or state charge shirking, and salary disparity. It additionally presumes a fantasy of class uniformity, when actually America has a basically evolved class chain of importance. The 1920s specifically was a quite turbulent time because of expanded movement (and the going with xenophobia), changing ladies' jobs (prodded by the option to cast a ballot, which was won in 1919), and phenomenal pay imbalance. The nation was likewise amidst a financial blast, which filled the conviction that anybody could become quite wealthy on Wall Street. In any case, this fast monetary development was based on an air pocket which flew in 1929. The Great Gatsby was distributed in 1925, a long time before the accident, however through its wry depictions of the ultra-rich, it appears to by one way or another foresee that the incredible riches in plain view in 1920s New York was similarly as fleeting as one of Gatsby's gatherings. Regardless, the novel, just by being set during the 1920s, is probably not going to introduce a hopeful perspective on the American Dream, or possibly an adaptation of the fantasy that is comprehensive to all sexual orientations, ethnicities, and wages. In light of that foundation, how about we bounce into the plot! The American Dream in The Great Gatsby Section 1 spots us in a specific year-1922-and gives us some foundation about WWI. This is significant, since the 1920s is introduced as a period of empty debauchery among the well off, as confirm particularly by the gatherings in Chapters 2 and 3. What's more, as we referenced over, the 1920s were an especially tense time in America. We additionally meet George and Myrtle Wilson in Chapter 2, both regular workers individuals who are attempting to improve their general situation, George through his work, and Myrtle through her undertaking with Tom Buchanan. We find out about Gatsby's objective in Chapter 4: to win Daisy back. In spite of all that he claims, including fabulous measures of cash and an over-the-top chateau, for Gatsby, Daisy is a definitive superficial point of interest. So in Chapter 5, when Daisy and Gatsby rejoin and start an issue, it appears Gatsby could, truth be told, accomplish his objective. In Chapter 6, we find out about Gatsby's not exactly affluent past, which not just makes him resemble the star of a clothes to newfound wealth story, it makes Gatsby himself appear somebody in quest for the American Dream, and for him the representation of that fantasy is Daisy. Be that as it may, in Chapters 7 and 8, everything comes smashing down: Daisy will not leave Tom, Myrtle is slaughtered, and George separates and executes Gatsby and afterward himself, leaving the entirety of the strivers dead and the old cash swarm safe. Besides, we learn in those last sections that Gatsby didn't accomplish all his riches through difficult work, similar to the American Dream would specify rather, he earned his cash through wrongdoing. (He accomplished try sincerely and really under Dan Cody, however lost Dan Cody's legacy to his ex.) To put it plainly, things don't end up being admirably for our visionaries in the novel! Therefore, the novel finishes with Nick's pitiful contemplation on the lost guarantee of the American Dream. You can peruse a definite examination of these last lines in our synopsis of the novel's closure. This epic is only one extremely huge burst bubble. Key American Dream Quotes In this area we break down probably the most significant statements that identify with the American Dream in the book. Yet, I didn't call to him for he gave an unexpected suggestion that he was substance to be alonehe loosened up his arms toward the dim water in an inquisitive manner, and far as I was from him I could have sworn he was trembling. Automatically I looked seawardand separated nothing with the exception of a solitary green light, minute and distant, that may have been the finish of a harbor. (1.152) In our first look at Jay Gatsby, we see him coming to towards something far away, something in sight however certainly far off. This well known picture of the green light is frequently comprehended as a feature of The Great Gatsby's reflection on The American Dream-the possibility that individuals are continually coming to towards an option that could be more noteworthy than themselves that is simply far off. You can peruse increasingly about this in our post about the green light. The way that this longing picture is first experience with Gatsby anticipates his despondent end and furthermore stamps him as a visionary, instead of individuals like Tom or Daisy who were brought into the world with cash and don't have to take a stab at anything so distant. Over the extraordinary extension, with the daylight through the braces making a steady glimmer upon the moving vehicles, with the city ascending over the stream in white piles and sugar knots all worked with a desire out of non-olfactory cash. The city seen from the Queensboro Bridge is consistently the city seen just because, in its first wild guarantee of all the riddle and the excellence on the planet. A dead man passed us in a funeral wagon stored with sprouts, trailed by two carriages with drawn blinds and by increasingly bright carriages for companions. The companions watched out at us with the appalling eyes and short upper lips of south-eastern Europe, and I was happy that seeing Gatsby's awe inspiring vehicle was remembered for their dismal occasion. As we crossed Blackwell's Island a limousine passed us, driven by a white escort, in which sat three modish Negroes, two bucks and a young lady. I chuckled out loud as the yolks of their eyeballs moved toward us in haughty contention. Anything can happen since we've slid over this scaffold, I thought; anything by any stretch of the imagination. . . . Indeed, even Gatsby could occur, with no specific miracle. (4.55-8) Right off the bat in the novel, we get this generally idealistic representation of the American Dream-we see individuals of various races and nationalities hustling towards NYC, a city of incomprehensible chance. This second has all the exemplary components of the American Dream-financial chance, racial and strict assorted variety, a joyful disposition. As of now, it feels like anything can occur, even an upbeat consummation. Be that as it may, this ruddy view in the end gets subverted by the shocking occasions later in the novel. Furthermore, even now, Nick's haughtiness towards the individuals in different vehicles fortifies America's racial progressive system that upsets the possibility of the American Dream. There is even a little rivalry having an effect on everything, a haughty competition at play between Gatsby's vehicle and the one bearing the modish Negroes. Scratch giggles so anyone might hear as of now, proposing he believes it's diverting that the travelers in this other vehicle consider them to be approaches, or even adversaries to be bested. As it were, he appears to immovably have faith in the racial chain of importance Tom safeguards in Chapter 1, regardless of whether it doesn't let it be known genuinely. His heart beat quicker and quicker as Daisy's white face came up to his own. He realized that when he kissed this young lady, and perpetually marry his unutterable dreams to her transient breath, his psyche could never frolic again like the brain of God. So he paused, tuning in for a second longer to the tuning fork that had been struck upon a star. At that point he kissed her. At his lips' touch she bloomed for him like a blossom and the manifestation was finished. (6.134) This second unequivocally attaches Daisy to the entirety of Gatsby's bigger dreams for a superior life-to his American Dream. This makes way for the novel's lamentable consummation, since Daisy can't hold up under the heaviness of the fantasy Gatsby ventures onto her. Rather, she remains with Tom Buchanan, regardless of her affections for Gatsby. In this way when Gatsby neglects to prevail upon Daisy, he additionally neglects to accomplish his form of the American Dream. This is the reason such a significant number of individuals read the novel as a serious or negative interpretation of the American Dream, as opposed to a hopeful one. ...as the moon ascended higher the inessential houses started to liquefy away until step by step I got mindful of the old island here that blossomed once for Dutch mariners' eyesa new, green bosom of the new world. Its disappeared trees, the trees that had cleared a path for Gatsby's home, had once pandered in murmurs to the last and most noteworthy of every single human dream; for a momentary charmed second man probably held his breath within the sight of this mainland, constrained into a stylish thought he neither comprehended nor wanted, up close and personal once and for all in h

Analysis of Barbara Kruger

Investigation of Barbara Kruger For this short exposition composing I get a case of single contemporary craftsman Barbara Kruger. Barbara Kruger is an American applied craftsman. A great deal of her exertion comprises of high contrast photos overlaid with explanatory subtitles in white-on-red Futura Bold Oblique. The expressions in her works much of the time comprise of utilization of pronouns, for example, â€Å"you†, â€Å"your†, â€Å"I†, â€Å"we†, and â€Å"they†. I start my paper with the answer how Barbara Kruger be viewed as illustrative of Baudrillard’s or Barthes’ hypotheses. Postmodernism was conceived out of a reaction contrary to the strategy of Modernism. Most especially, Postmodern craftsmen disposed of the Modernist fixation on the tasteful and started by scrutinizing the perceived characteristics attached to this stylish. As the Postmodern development advanced, this scrutinize increased and moved past essentially formal concerns; specialists likewise started censuring numerous basic thoughts of Modernism, along with thoughts regarding innovativeness and authority. At the same time, French logicians Roland Barthes and Jean Baudrillard presented hypotheses concerning the rising masterful acts of allotment and recreation. Barthes, in his elaboration on the hypothesis of allocation, portrayed standards and practices that a great deal of specialists were utilizing in their investigates on Modernism. Crafted by American craftsman Barbara Kruger gives the most remarkable epitome of Barthes’ hypotheses of appointment. Roland Barthes, in his 1967 exposition â€Å"The Death of the Author,† stripped commonly authority and initiation from specialists and scholars, proclaiming, â€Å"A content isn't a line of words discharging a solitary ‘theological’ meaning (the ‘message’ of the Author-God), yet a multi-dimensional space in which an assortment of compositions, none of them new, mix and collide.â₠¬  This hypothesis not just depicted the postmodern masterful acts of the time, yet it subverted Modernism’s elevated objectives and cases of making unique work of art. As per Barthes, no creator or craftsman makes something new and one of a kind. Rather, every shaped thing is a reused disgorging of that which went before it. As Postmodernism kept on creating, numerous craftsmen recognized Barthes’s denouncement of creativity as well as held onto it as a methods through which to additionally investigate the works and fundamentals of Modernism. These craftsmen supported the readymade object as more impressive than the as far as anyone knows new made items formed by Modernist specialists. By transparently recognizing the procedure of allocation that happens inside the production of all craftsmanship, these craftsmen utilized the intensity of previous symbolism and signs to deliver â€Å"new† works with numerous layers and different implications. Barbara Kruger st arted her profession as a visual planner and business craftsman for distributions and magazines, for example, Mademoiselle. Her work as a postmodern craftsman gathered consideration in the mid 1980s; around fifteen years after the fact than Barthes distributed â€Å"The Death of the Author.† Kruger’s involvement with the productive plan world incredibly impacted her work both authoritatively and logically. She grasped both the symbolism and language of promoting, consolidating high contrast photos with questionable yet accusatory articulations in composition like introductions. In any case, she simultaneously dismissed the ways of thinking of business publicizing and the larger part, by bringing up issues concerning sex balance, commercialization, and generalizations.

The Movements To People( Migration, Refugees, Forced Migration) And

The Movements To People( Migration, Refugees, Forced Migration) And The Movements To People( Migration, Refugees, Forced Migration) And Implications Of United Kingom â€" Essay Example > The Movements to PeopleIntroductionThe migration or forced migration arises from the insecure situation whether it is due to conflicts or due to lack of livelihood. Though the above mentioned two are the main reasons, there may be many reasons regarding conflicts and livelihood. They people may migrate due to political conflicts and for better livelihood also. The nature of migration or forced migration will affect the different societies in different manners according to the nature of migration and the nature of the society that accepts the refugees. Normally the forced migration occurs due to armed rebellion or a civil war. When the valuable possessions like faith and hope are lost along with safety and helping hands the people of a particular area or region migrate and seek refuge or asylum in the country having better living conditions. The migration has been accepted in United Kingdom and many refugees and asylum seekers can be observed waiting for Government’s approval. Th e Government thinks about the possible effects or implications of the migrants and refugees on the British Society before accepting them into society. (Flashpoints. info, 2007)MigrationAfter discussing the migration, forced migration and refugees in the introduction the effect of migration on United Kingdom’s population is considered. According to 2004 census of UK Government’s ONS there is 3.3 percent of increase in population from 1994 to 2004. From 2001 to 2004 there is an increase of 1.1 percent of population due to migration. UK has recorded higher levels of inward and outward migration in recent years. The increase is observed both in in-migration and out-migration but the in-migration has been recorded far more than the out-migration. This can be clear with the following graph obtained from ONS site of UK government. The above figure is adopted from http: //www. statistics. gov. uk/cci/nugget. asp? id=1305The effects of migration on UK society are perceived in different ways by various people. (Office for National Statistics, 2005)Foreign Born People: According to the records of the Office of National Statistics, 1 in 12 of UK population has born overseas. They are 4.9 million and constitute 8.3 percent of the UK population. It was 2.1 million and 4.2 percent in 1951. Both numbers and percent increased showing that the migration into UK is far more than out migration from UK. After 2001 1.1 million people migrated into UK and this increased the number of foreign born nationals in UK. Out of these foreign born people 67 percent are born outside Europe and only 33 percent of the foreign born nationals migrated after 2001 are born in Europe. This means the migration into UK has increased from the countries outside Europe. When the period of stay of foreign born immigrants is considered, the migrants from OECD countries stayed for lesser period than the migrants from non OECD countries. The following figure gives an idea about the ethnic migrants in UK. Foreign-born population: by ethnic group, April 2001, UKThe above figure is adopted from http: //www. statistics. gov. uk/cci/nugget. asp? id=1312It can be observed that the migrants in UK are a greater mix of ethnic groups and this increases the diversity of the population in UK. (ONS, 2007)

What Is a Mole Ratio Chemistry Definition and Example

In a chemical reaction, compounds react in a set ratio. If the ratio is unbalanced, there will be leftover reactant. To understand this, you need to be familiar with the molar ratio or mole ratio. Mole Ratio Definition A mole ratio is ​the  ratio between the amounts in moles of any two compounds involved in a chemical reaction. Mole ratios are used as conversion factors between products and reactants in many chemistry problems. The mole ratio may be determined by examining the coefficients in front of formulas in a balanced chemical equation. Also known as: The mole ratio is also called the mole-to-mole ratio. Mole Ratio Example: Balanced Equation For the reaction:2 H2(g) O2(g) → 2 H2O(g) The mole ratio between O2 and H2O is 1:2. For every 1 mole of O2 used, 2 moles of H2O are formed. The mole ratio between H2 and H2O is 1:1. For every 2 moles of H2 used, 2 moles of H2O are formed. If 4 moles of hydrogen were used, then 4 moles of water would be produced. Unbalanced Equation Example For another example, lets start with an unbalanced equation: O3 → O2 By inspection, you can see this equation is not balanced because mass is not conserved. There are more oxygen atoms in ozone (O3) than there are in oxygen gas (O2). You cannot calculate mole ratio for an unbalanced equation. Balancing this equation yields: 2O3 → 3O2 Now you can use the coefficients in front of ozone and oxygen to find the mole ratio. The ratio is 2 ozone to 3 oxygen, or 2:3. How do you use this? Lets say you are asked to find how many grams of oxygen are produced when you react 0.2 grams of ozone. The first step is to find how many moles of ozone are in 0.2 grams. (Remember, its a molar ratio, so in most equations, the ratio is not the same for grams.)To convert grams to moles, look up the atomic weight of oxygen on the periodic table. There are 16.00 grams of oxygen per mole.To find how many moles there are in 0.2 grams, solve for:x moles 0.2 grams * (1 mole/16.00 grams).You get 0.0125 moles.Use the mole ratio to find how many moles of oxygen are produced by 0.0125 moles of ozone:moles of oxygen 0.0125 moles ozone * (3 moles oxygen/2 moles ozone).Solving for this, you get 0.01875 moles of oxygen gas.Finally, convert​ the  number of moles of oxygen gas into grams for the answer:grams of oxygen gas 0.01875 moles * (16.00 grams/mole)grams of oxygen gas 0.3 grams It should be fairly obvious that you could have plugged in the mole fraction right away in this particular example because only one type of atom was present on both sides of the equation. However, its good to know the procedure for when you come across more complicated problems to solve.

Southwest Asia - 1009 Words

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Han vs Roman Attitudes Toward Tech Free Essays

Kimberly Giron AP World history September 27, 2012 World History DBQ Han society had positive attitude towards technology as some saw it as beneficial to society and others considered it a gift. Roman society had more of a supportive yet demeaning attitude towards technology. There is no doubt that things that benefit people and gift are considered positive. We will write a custom essay sample on Han vs Roman Attitudes Toward Tech or any similar topic only for you Order Now A Han government official (Document 1) wrote to local officials in order to advise them on how to use their technology to prevent floods, showing his interests in maintaining the empire so that it doesn’t fall. Not only that, Han Guan, another government official (Document 2) goes against the way the government is monopolizing the making of technology and that technology should be made by the people, since government made technologies are brittle and costing the government more money as not much salt is being produced. It is very interesting that an official would speak against the government, but it may be due to the fact that the scarcity of salt is costing this official money. Both officials may also be looking to maintain their positions or get higher ones once the emperor sees how well they are looking after the empire, which can only be maintained with the help of technology. Others in Han society consider technology as a gift from enlightened leaders. Huan Tan, an upper-class philosopher (document 3) mentions that Fuxi invented some technology which was efficient and beneficial to society. Fuxi, is said to be a wise enlightened emperor which means that since Fuxi made it, it is no doubt a great gift. There is also some government sponsored history (Document 4) which characterizes Tu Shih as a just and commoner loving man who developed technology in order lift some of the burden of labor off the people. Technology was Tu Shih’s gift to the people and Tu Shih, was considered a Fuxi. Therefore this government sponsored historian also considers technology a gift. Roman attitude towards technology was that is was necessary but that it didn’t take much intelligence to make such technology, or in other words, a demeaning attitude. Cicero, an upper-class politician leader (Document 5), considered technology as something for vulgar common folk,not gentlemen. He believed that skill wasn’t required to use such thing but, he never mentioned that technology was useless. Seneca, a philosopher and adviser (Document 7) also believed that it doesn’t take brains to come up with technology but never attacks it’s use in society as he sees that it doesn’t matter who made it, but its use that matters. Their attitude must be influenced by the fact that technology was made by the lower class and acknowledging lower class work would mean lowering their pride. Other Roman attitudes were that technology was needed to create beauty. Frontius, a Roman general (Document 8) gives a glowing report on how beautiful technology has been able to make the empire’s aqueducts, far more superior than structures in Greece and Egypt. Plutarch, a high official in Rome (Document 6) gives another positive report on the beauty of Roman roads created by Gaius Gracchus which was built with the help of their technology. Therefore, technology is practical, is essential for making things beautiful, but looked down upon as it is used by the lower class. Despite the different societies, it is clear that in each empire government officials and upper-class philosophers tend to share attitudes towards technology. It would be interesting to see the attitudes of common workers and women towards technology as they are the ones who make more use of it. Workers may be most affected by technology as they are the ones whom upper-class Romans consider to be the vulgar people who work with it and brainless people who invent it. In Han societies they would be the ones who produce the salt and also need the protection given by technology. The opinions of women would also provide information on how women were involved in technology and how it affected gender roles. The documents above only provide a view for one class in each society therefore not giving a clear overall attitude on technology in each society. How to cite Han vs Roman Attitudes Toward Tech, Essay examples

Service Management free essay sample

Hence, the panoramic beauty of the park and the rich heritage of the Aboriginals can be connected to introduce an customize service in that region. The authority has specified zones within the park for recreation and conservation, which can be used to deliver guided echo-tours that will introduce the tourists with the Dreaming Stories and natural beauty of the park. Besides that a number of peripheral services can be offered such as photography exhibition, publication of Dreaming Story books, bird-watching session and so on. However, a current proposal of constructing a highway along the area can threaten the environmental sustainability. Also, bushfire is another legitimate threat which might hurt the number of visitors. Increased arbitration and industrialization along with the concern regarding global warming can also significantly affect the future of the project. However, the service concept asserts that the organization will offer flexible and customized guided tour experiences. This report found out that there is an opportunity to introduce a sustainable guided tour package in the Beeline park region. We will write a custom essay sample on Service Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This guided tour can effectively integrate elements of local Dreaming stories. The main potential target markets for this service are senior citizens, young professionals and academic interest parties. According to the service concept, the tours will be available for different lengths, will be tailored for different interest groups and will preserve the sustainability in terms of culture, economy and environment. Section 1: Introduction The basic idea of the business is to offer a specially designed echo-tour package on the basis of dreaming stories of aboriginals. This tour will be operated in the region of Western Australia, more specifically in the vast wetland, which is known as The Beeline Regional Park. Statement of the purpose The purpose of the service is to create a guided tour offer that will introduce the natural and cultural heritage of the region to a wide audience and will develop a customized experience for tourists that is sustainable in terms of environment, local economy, and culture. Objectives The broad objective of this paper is to introduce the concept of a customized echo- tour service that will serve as a unique cultural and environmental experience for tourists. The specific objectives are: Create the concept of a guided echo-tour in The Beeline Regional Park. Define the target market Define the core service and the peripheral services. Assess the impact of current and future factors that are important for the service Develop a service plan for the guided echo-tour. Report structure overview The first part of the report introduces the concept and purpose of the study. Then the organization is described in brief along with the service descrip tion. The third part identifies the target market segments, developed on the basis of Heists Strategic Service vision. The fourth part of the paper takes a brief look at three rent issues that may have significant impact on the business. Also, the potential impact of three other issues is assessed. In the fifth part, the service concept is developed to present a clear structure of the service. The last part of the paper sums up the total discussion and draws the conclusion. Section 2: Organization overview The name of the proposed organization is Lucid Dreams. This name refers to the Dreaming Stories of the local aboriginals which is an important element of local culture. Also, the word lucid which literally meaner clear, refers to the placid and Lear water of the lakes of that region. Description of operations Along the way of the city of Cookbook, there is a vast area consisting of small and big lakes. Within the Beeline Regional Park, there are 19 lakes in the western and the eastern chain (Dooley et al. 2001). These lakes exist on the low areas of between the Darling Scarp and the Indian Ocean. This area and the lakes are very instrumental in the culture and lifestyle of the Aboriginal people. Firstly, these lakes are the source of food and water for the migrating Aborigines (Storey et al. 1997). Secondly, the wetland is the origin of many life and Dreaming stories of the Aboriginal people. The Dreaming or the Djakarta refers to the mythical incident from the Australian Indigenous people when the Ancestral Beings moved across the land and created life and significant geographic features (Australia Government, 2008). The wetlands spawned two particular Dreaming Stories- the story about Waggle, a serpent-like spiritual entity and the story about lordlier giving fire stick to the Angora people. Hence, the spiritual importance of these lakes is immense and there are many ways to present the rich cultural and spiritual aspect of the Aboriginals paving here. From another perspective, this area is blessed with flora and fauna. It is the habitat to different types to birds as well. So, the operations of Lucid Dreams will be centered around the representation of these cultural and environmental richness. The first thing is to design and develop different tours based on the cultural and environmental elements of this area. The next operational process is the marketing of the offer and then we have to consistently measure the sustainability of the service and improve the performance. Also, the tours need to be customized according to the response of the audience peeping the sustainability issue intact. Bundle of services As already mentioned, the broad service we are offering is the echo-tours in the wetlands area of The Beeline Regional Park. Here, the term customize needs to be explained. Conventional tourism is observed to have negative impact on the environment and the local community (Newswomen et al. 2002). Hence, the idea of customize is put forward as a result of global concern for the protection of environment. The core concept of customize is the practice of tourism which offers responsible travel to natural habitats conserving the environment and the ecosystem Newswomen et al. 2002). Customize is not Just about preventing harm to the environment, it is operated to improve the environment. The core services and the peripheral services of Lucid Dreams are discussed in the following sections. Core service Offering two different echo-tours based on the themes of Aboriginal Dreaming stories and the wetland environment. The length and the elements of the tours will vary depending on the tour package and the audience. Peripheral services The peripheral services are described below. 1 . Multimedia display of Dreaming stories, describing the significance of these Tories in Aboriginal culture, presented with the native art. 2. Publication of books on Dreaming Stories. 3. Exhibition of local arts and artifacts. 4. Exhibition to wetland will t cilia e photography. 5. Museum-style display of local history and the relationship between the environment and the local people along the course of myth and history. 6. Bird watching tours one the lakes. Feasibility of the project Now the question regarding the feasibility of offering this service is important. According to the Department of Conservation and Land Management, Lucid Dreams is a feasible project. The Department of Conservation and Land Management is responsible for the maintenance and conservation of this area. According to the Department, there are five management zones within the Beeline Park (Dooley et al. 2001), which are: 1 . Conservation and protection 2. Natural environment use 3. Recreation 4. Sport and recreation 5. Special use Hence, theres a scope of running the service under the zone of conservation and protection, and recreation (see Appendix 1). Section 3: Target Market Customers After having decided on the business concept and offerings, it is imperative to understand the potential target market. Heists Strategic Service Vision (SSP) is a widely used tool to identify the target market customers. The four categories of elements of Strategic Service Vision are presented in the diagram below: Diagram 1: Elements of Strategic Service Vision (Chase and Hayes 1991) The target market segments for Lucid Dream is developed answering these questions. 1 . The common characteristics of the market segments are concern for environment, respect for indigenous culture, ability and interest to experience new things, and the drive to contribute in environmental improvement. . Both demographic and cryptographic dimensions can be applied to describe the target markets. Demographic segmentation can be: a. Senior citizens b. Young professionals aged between 20 to 35 c. Affluent Europeans and North Americans Blending the cryptographic dimensions with these segments, we can develop more specific market segments. Senior citizens from Baby-boomer generation, who have enough money and the willingness to experience new culture and rich natural attractions. Young professionals, who are concerned about environment and love to see new wings, make new connections and contribute to the betterment of environment and conservation of native culture. Anthropologists, Historians, Environmental Activists, Biologist and other people with a related academic background, who are interested to learn about Dreaming stories and the wetland ecosystem. 3. As the market of senior citizens is quite large and will continue to grow even larger in next few years, this is a very important potential market. Also, young professionals now value experience over money and thats why the y spend a significant part of their earning on traveling. Indeed, backpacking has become a way of life already. Thirdly, the segment of Anthropologists, Historians, Environmental activist and other people with academic interest about the local people and wildlife will not be a large segment, comparing to the first two segments. But in terms of building goodwill and getting known across the media, this segment is very important. 4. The possible needs of the market segments include traveling new places, learning about the Aboriginals, studying the culture of the native people, conserving the habitat and ecosystem and so on. 5. These needs can be addressed through . Asking the tours an unique experience, b. Conserving the environment and the biodiversity c. Engaging the Aboriginal people in a positive way with the service The organization will carry on the tasks. However, the Aboriginals will be major stakeholders to help the organization to execute everything properly. This organization has a number of stakeholders and there are issues which may have current and future impact on the organization . Three current issues Three current issues that are have an impact on the area right now and will affect the service as well, have been discussed below. Threat of road construction North and Birr Lake are two of the most attractive natural tourist destinations in the Beeline Park. But there has been a plan of constructing Roe Highway Stage 8 besides the lakes (CAW, 2013). If a highway is constructed, it will bring more traffic and increase the level of chaos. In that case, sustainability will be very hard thing to achieve. There is already a movement going on to stop the construction of the road. However, in our planning, we will avoid the area that is likely to be affected by the road. Bushfire Another issue is the occasional bushfire in the area. The potential tourists might get scared from the news of bushfire and thus it will have negative impact on the environment. There was an incident of bushfire on east of the Okinawa Freeway on Barrington Road in Beeline in last January as well (Foulard 2013). In order to ensure security against any such incidence, Lucid Dreams will not use any combustible material. Also, protective measures against fire will always remain available. Reverberation project Beeline Park lost a portion of its green due to drought, bushfire and human act over the last two or three decades. However, reverberation project NAS been taken by Government and even individuals. People are planting trees in order to regain the greenery of the area Monsoons, 2012). Lucid Dreams welcomes the reverberation and will contribute to it by sharing a portion of profit spend on reverberation. Three factors that have future implications There are many factors that can potentially impact the service in future both in positive ways and in negative ways. Arbitration Cookbook, the adjacent city to Beeline Regional Park has a current population of almost 90 thousand (Census Quickest, 2011). Just 10 years ago, the population was 66 thousand. This rapid growth of population is demanding more arbitration, which in future may threaten the sustainability of Beeline Park. While more arbitration may mean more visitors, it may affect the sustainability issue. We will adopt sustainable practices to integrate arbitration with environmental protection. Industrialization It is difficult to conserve ecological balance when industries pollute the air and water. The sub urban area around Beeline Regional Park has a major light industrial zone. If the industry grows in future, it will challenge the sustainability of the region. Lucid Dreams demands that the industrial waste must be treated in an environmentally way and will participate in any attempt taken to reduce the impact of industrialization. Climate change Climate change is a global concern. Due to climate change, the environment is getting affected and the natural ecosystem is being interrupted. The incidence of bushfire is more frequent now, and the increased temperature is one of the reasons. Theres little Lucid Dreams can do to reverse climate change. However, as a sustainable organization, Lucid Dreams will be refrained from any practice that might eave negative impact on the climate. Section 5 Service concept In order to design a new service, a number of decisions have to be made to take it from the stage of idea to the stage of delivery. Service concept is a simple yet effective way to summarize a service and conceptualize it properly. Weakest (1986) advocated that service concept is the process in which the organization Wicked like to have its services perceived by its customers, employees, shareholders and lenders. Service concept basically outlines the elements of a service package. For the service of Lucid Dreams, the service concept is as below: serves only guided tours in Beeline Regional Park of Australia uses Dreaming Stories of the Aboriginals and the unique environment of the wetland as the main focus of service design tours are available in different lengths, ranging from 4 hours to 1 week service is committed to the conservation of the ecosystem specifically tailored guided tours will be available targeting specific audience Section 6: Conclusion Lucid Dreams is not a breakthrough service idea, but it is a timely one considering the concern about the impact of tourism on the environment. Beeline Regional Park is ICC with both biological diversity and cultural heritage. Lucid Dreams is an attempt to create a bridge between these two attractions of this region and with the process of doing this, the service aims to improve the environment of the region.

Essay on Nursing

Essay on Nursing Essay on Nursing Essay on NursingNursing is a challenging and responsible profession, which though is not a mere job but also the highly ethical responsibility of individuals for outcomes of their work in the field of nursing. In fact, nursing is the responsible job of nurses, who perform their functions properly and focus on the assistance of their clients to help them to cope with their problems.At the same time, nursing is not the mere caring for people to meet their wants and to make them feel comfortable in the course of their treatment and recovery. In fact, patients do need to feel comfortable but nurses should focus on their actual needs and treatment appointed by the physician (Limentani, 1999). The treatment or procedures patients should have may be different from what clients want to do or they may be uncomfortable for clients. This is why the task of nurses is to make them feel better and involve patients in all procedures in the course of their treatment to maximize the effectiveness of their treatment.Therefore, nursing should be balanced and based on individual skills of every nurse to deliver nursing care for patients and help them to recover and cope with their health problems. In this regard, nurses should be able to provide counseling services for their clients because the psychological assistance is helpful for the establishment of positive interpersonal relations between individuals (Sloane, et al., 2003). As a result, nurses can help patients to recover faster and effectively, if they gain the client confidence in their nurses.Thus, nursing is the hard job, which involves professional and ethical responsibility of nurses for health of patients and provides them with nursing and counseling services.

Act One of Bruce Norriss Play Clybourne Park

Act One of Bruce Norris's Play Clybourne Park The play Clybourne Park by Bruce Norris is set in a modest three-bedroom bungalow in central Chicago. Clybourne Park is a fictional neighborhood, first mentioned in Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun.   At the end of A Raisin in the Sun, a white man named Mr. Lindner tries to convince  a black couple not to move into Clybourne Park. He even offers them a substantial sum to purchase back the new home so that the white, working-class community can maintain its status quo. It isnt mandatory to know the story of A Raisin in the Sun to appreciate Clybourne Park, but it certainly enriches the experience. You can read a detailed, scene by scene summary of A Raisin in the Sun to enhance your comprehension of this play. Setting the Stage Act One of Clybourne Park takes place in 1959, in the home of Bev and Russ, a middle-aged couple who are preparing to move to a new neighborhood. They bicker (sometimes playfully, sometimes with underlying hostility) about various national capitals and the  origin of Neapolitan ice cream. Tensions mount when Jim, the local minister, stops by for a chat. Jim hopes for a chance to discuss Russ feelings. We learn that their adult son committed suicide after returning from the Korean War. Other people arrive, including Albert (husband of Francine, Bevs maid) and Karl and Betsy Lindner. Albert arrives to take his wife home, but the couple becomes involved in the conversation and the packing process, despite Francines attempts to leave. During the conversation, Karl drops the bombshell: the family that plans to move into Bev and Russ home is colored. Karl Doesnt Want Change Karl tries to convince the others that the arrival of a black family will negatively affect the neighborhood. He claims that housing prices will go down, neighbors will move away, and non-white, lower-income families will move in. He even tries to obtain the approval and understanding of Albert and Francine, asking them if they would want to live in a neighborhood like Clybourne Park. (They decline to comment  and do their best to stay out of the conversation.) Bev, on the other hand, believes that the new family could be wonderful people, no matter the color of their skin. Karl is the most overtly racist character in the play. He makes several outrageous statements, and yet in his mind, he is presenting logical arguments. For example, while trying to illustrate a point about racial preferences, he recounts his observations on a ski vacation: KARL: I can tell you, in all the time Ive been there, I have not once seen a colored family on those slopes. Now, what accounts for that? Certainly not any deficit in ability, so what I have to conclude is that for some reason, there is just something about the pastime of skiing that doesnt appeal to the Negro community. And feel free to prove me wrong†¦ But youll have to show me where to find the skiing Negroes. Despite such small-minded sentiments, Karl believes himself to be progressive. After all, he supports the Jewish-owned grocery store in the neighborhood. Not to mention, his wife, Betsy, is deaf - and yet despite her differences, and despite the opinions of others, he married her. Unfortunately, his core motivation is economic. He believes that when non-white families move into an all-white neighborhood, the financial value decreases, and investments are ruined. Russ Gets Mad As Act One continues, tempers boil. Russ doesnt care who is moving into the house. He is extremely disappointed and angry at his community. After being discharged because of disgraceful conduct (it is implied that he killed civilians during the Korean War), Russ son could not find work. The neighborhood shunned him. Russ and Bev received no sympathy or compassion from the community. They felt abandoned by their neighbors. And so, Russ turns his back on Karl and the others. After Russ caustic monologue in which he claims I dont care if a hundred Ubangi tribesman with a bone through the nose overrun this goddamn place (Norris 92), Jim the minister responds by saying Maybe we should bow our heads for a second (Norris 92). Russ snaps and wants to punch Jim in the face. To calm things down, Albert places his hand on Russ shoulder. Russ whirls toward Albert and says: Putting your hands on me? No sir. Not in my house you dont (Norris 93). Before this moment, Russ seems apathetic about the issue of race. In the scene mentioned above, however, it seems Russ reveals his prejudice. Is he so upset because someone is touching his shoulder? Or is he outraged that a black man has dared to put hands on Russ, a white man? Bev Is Sad Act One ends after everyone (except Bev and Russ) leaves the house, all with various feelings of disappointment. Bev tries to give away a chafing dish to Albert and Francine, but Albert firmly yet politely explains, Maam, we dont want your things. Please. We got our own things. Once Bev and Russ are alone, their conversation feebly returns to small talk. Now that her son is dead and she will be leaving behind her old neighborhood, Bev wonders what she will do with all of the empty time. Russ suggests that she fill the time up with projects. The lights go down, and Act One reaches its somber conclusion.

Uncertainty Reduction Theory Critique Assignment

Uncertainty Reduction Theory Critique - Assignment Example However, I have come to realize that this is only the short term goal. The long-term goal of the entire process is to gain some related benefits. Having said that, I think maximizing relational outcomes is the ideal motivator when people encounter new people. The majority of human beings are motivated into gaining more information about other people simply because of maximizing on the relational outcomes. It is because almost all people tend to be less interested in others that have little significance to their lives. For example, an average or poor performing academic student will tend to gain information about another top performing student not for reducing uncertainty, but for gaining academic related benefits. In another example, a political candidate will choose a running mate, not because good friendship, but because of amassing more votes that would eventually help the pair at winning the elections. Due to our current life situation, we approach new people to fulfill an emotional, psychological or physiological need. Basing on the same concept, our group picked on the primary motivator in class because we want to maximize on the relational outcome. We made that choice because we want someone that is more like a role model and one that will help us through our emotional, psychological and physiological needs. Making such choice makes more sense than uncertainty reduction theory in that learning and understanding a person does not entirely add value to another person’s life. Therefore, it is justified to conclude that people are motivated by rewards or associated benefits they would gain from a new person they

Trisomy 18 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Trisomy 18 - Essay Example The incidence of the condition during first trimester scanning is 1 in 400 (Chen, Emedicine). There is a strong female predominance with more than 80 percent of the detected cases being females. The condition does not have any racial predilection(Chen, Emedicine). 95 percent of pregnancies with trisomy 18 embryos spontaneously abort. Of the remaining which are born, only 5-10 percent survive beyond the first year of life. Thus, the mortality rate of this condition is very high. The mortality rate is because of the severely malformed organs like the heart, kidney and the brain, feeding problems, high rates of infection and breathing difficulties. The longest survival reported for this condition so far is 27 years (Chen, Emedicine). The condition is detectable in the prenatal period. Some of the features which point to the possibility of trisomy 18 are maternal polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios, very small placenta, single umbilical artery, intrauterine growth retardation, fetal distress, defective fetal reflexes and decreased fetal activity. In the postnatal period, the clinical condition is obvious because of the array of clinical features. The new born usually has generalized hypotonia, apnea, jitteriness and seizures. The child will have marked failure to thrive, recurrent apnoiec episodes and poor feeding (Chen, Emedicine). On examination several organ defects will be obvious. The child may have defects of the skull manifesting as microcephaly, wide fontanellaes, prominent occiput, elongated skull or even narrow bifrontal diameter. Facial deformities include microphthalmia, micrognathia, microstomia, short palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, choanal atresia, periauricular tags, and narrow palatal arch. S evere skeletal deformities exist including growth retardation, radial hypoplasia, clenched hands, syndactyly, rocker bottom feet, narrow pelvis, talipes equinovarus, etc. Typical of the clenched fingers include "overlapping digits, with the second and

Email and Letter Writing

Email and Letter Writing â€Å"Dear Sir or Madam, in reference to your letter of February 1st† this was the way hand written letters used to start. I was sixteen years old and my dad was asking me to send a letter to the company where I would have my internship. My dad taught me how to write a letter in the correct format and how to position the outgoing address. He said: â€Å"You should put the date in the top right-hand corner of the page. The signature should be also formal and the closing line should read ‘Yours Faithfully†. The Human Resources department at the company where I interned paid a fortune for the privilege of having an intern who could string a sentence together in legible, neat and hand written German. This company would go as far as canceling an internship or sending the intern to additional classes. There are many critics that say old fashioned mail is not fast enough and is more expensive. The old fashioned mail requires buying letters and paying for stamps. Email, on the other hand, is free. Most people forget about internet and computer costs. German companies dont have these problems, because every company in Germany has a contract with the post office. They pay a certain amount of money every month and can send as many letters as they wish. Email will be received at the location to which it is sent much faster than regular mail; however, both email and mail use addresses to which someone can send a letter or a message. Every other day I receive an email from my step mom in Germany. It keeps us in touch and in more constant communication than a letter could, because the I can receive her message almost immediately. In emails and letters a person writes thoughts down and sends it to another person. Both are used to communicate with another person; however, email in these days is a modern mode of communication. In fact, email makes the modern business world more efficient. I mostly receive only emails these days (and lots of them!). When I am on vacation for a couple days and come back to work, I am guaranteed to find more than a hundred emails. All these emails, excluding spam emails, need my response and attention. Subjects who were not on the agenda before can overnight take on the highest priority and the communication about it can go half way across the world. (Kleiner) These days, when I open my mail box, I am lucky to find anything other than bills and junk mail. Unfortunately these are the only regularly visitors inside my letter box. People do not consider old fashioned letter writing an effective form of communication. When a person takes the time to write a letter, they have mostly thought their comments through which makes it to my mind a more sincere mode of communication. If the same thought process and formal way of writing would be associated with traditional letter writing when one writes an email, it would not be as impersonal. People just lose the formal style writing an email. I received the following email from a co-worker the other day: â€Å"If we already have door made the old way / we dont have any in stock, make old door, if you can. Replace it with the new one and may add a note. The note in the attachment to make it clear.† This was the complete email and I was confused. This email, as are many others, is just not enough. It requires additional personal communication. Although most of the emails I receive are in a better writing style, almost none of them are formal. Emails suffice for most business purposes and mostly daily exchanges. They can also be very fast and practical. (Wilson) So, which is better: emails or old fashioned letter writing? I believe that that letter writing itself is an art form. A persons mood and personality can be sensed, just by examining how the tails of individual letters are swept or how hard the writer pressed upon the paper. In an email, this is not possible. It is obvious that old fashioned letter writing is very time consuming and therefore one can understand the need for faster communication in this busy world. Email is a more effective form of communication. Perhaps I am old fashioned; however, I do enjoy receiving hand written letters, even though the amount of old fashioned mail is almost zero, barring birthday letters and Christmas cards. A letter is handwritten; a person touched the paper and thought about another person. It is much more personal than an email could ever be and the old fashion letter has a value that cannot be replaced. (Wilson) Sources Kleiner, Kurt. Email and Letter Writing Share Fundamental Pattern. NewScientist. N.p., 26 Oct. 2005. Web. 15 Feb. 2010. . Wilson, Carole. The Difference Between an Ordinary Letter and an E-mail. Helium. N.p., 2002-2010. Web. 16 Feb. 2010. .

Rhetorical Style Analysis Paper Essay

Barbara Ehrenreich is the author of Nickel and Dimed on (not) Getting By In America. It is about how lower class people cannot make it in America because they do not make enough money to provide for themselves. If anyone could interest a reader it would Ehrenreich because of her style. At times she can be offensive with her hyperboles, satire and metaphors but I could not help my self from turning page after page. Ehrenreich paints a vivid picture in the reader’s head using a broad and appealing diction. She truly makes the reader feel like low wageworkers are isolated from the world because of the yearly income they bring in. What better way to test a hypothesis than go out into the field and do it? Well, that is exactly what Ehreneich does. It starts off by her wondering if single mothers can survive financially that depend on what they make at a minimum wage job due to a recent Welfare reform. So she goes out into the â€Å"shark eat shark world† to see if should could survive in America. In her journey she attempts to live in Key West, Maine, and Minnesota. See more: how to write an analysis of a research paper In chapter two Ehreneich moves to Maine, she lives in a small cottage and works at small cleaning service during the week. She says, â€Å"†¦Maybe it’s low-wage work in general that has the effect of making Feel like a pariah. When I watch TV over my dinner at night, I see a world in which almost everyone makes $15 an hour or more, and I’m not just thinking of the anchor folks. The sitcoms and dramas are about fashion designers or schoolteachers or lawyers, so it’s easy for a fast-food worker or nurse’s aide to conclude that she is an anomaly — the only one, or almost the only one, who hasn’t been invited to the party. And in a sense she would be right: the poor have disappeared from the culture at large, from its political rhetoric and intellectual endeavors as well as from its daily entertainment. Even religion seems to have little to say about the plight of the poor, if that tent revival was a fair sample. The moneylenders have finally gotten Jesus out of the temple.†(117-118) There are several words that paint a picture in the reader’s head like Pariah, Anomaly, and Plight. The word â€Å"Pariah† makes the reader fell as if the low wageworkers are isolated and casted away from regular society. This quote is extremely powerful it, she makes it seem like  almost nearly everyone has clenched a decent job but a few unfortunate few. Then again when she says that the fast food worker feels like an â€Å"anomaly†. In my mind I saw a nasty picture of middle class and higher-class people partying and the fast food worker sitting off in the corner like an outcast. The last section of the quote I found a bit offensive but it is true. I am not religious at all but to me it sounds like she is saying religion has a factor in what class you belong too. In a sense that is very true a poor family is not going to attend church in some rich neighborhood they do not belong to o. Her message is very true, class does matter and if someone happens to be in the wrong one they could be isolated. In chapter three Ehreneich moves to Minnesota to work at a Wal-Mart, she has the most difficult time finding a steady place to live. Eventually she has to move into a hotel that is too expensive for her budget. The reader can see she is in a dark place when she says, â€Å"What you don’t necessarily realize when you start selling your time by the hour is that what you’re actually selling is your life.† (187). There is a lot of truth in this quote and Ehreneich has experienced it herself. When I read this part of the book it was extremely emotionally because I have a friend that is my age with a kid. He is attending college and working a full time job. I do not know how many hours of sleep he gets a day but I know if he saw this quote he could relate to it. How much is an hour of sleep worth to him? Probably a whole lot since he has to study and provide for a baby. This also ties into the previous quote because a family like this could feel as if they were not â⠂¬Å"invited to the party† which would cause an isolation feeling from the world. Again in chapter two back into the small cottage and the maid job. Ehreneich says, â€Å"I dust a whole shelf of books on pregnancy, breastfeeding, the first six months, the first year, the first two years — and I wonder what the child care-deprived Maddy makes of all this. Maybe there’s been some secret division of the world’s women into breeders and drones, and those at the maid level are no longer supposed to be reproducing at all. Maybe this is why our office manager, Tammy, who was once a maid herself, wears inch-long fake nails and tarty little outfits — to show she’s advanced to the breeder caste and can’t be sent out to clean anymore.†(82) Wow, if this does not  bring our Ehreneich’s idea of isolation I do not know what does. Maids do not make a whole lot of money that is why she was working this job in the first place. To say they are not suppose to have children is a horrible thing but it brings up the idea of isolation because maid’s probably have trouble providing for themselves so why should they bring someone else into a life of struggle? Ehreneich’s words leap out of the page and come to life. Words like â€Å"breeder† and â€Å"drone† hurt to read because these people are so much more than that. I have had friends that have had children at a young age, they are not maids but they are in a similar situation. This quote hit close to home to me. Nickel and Dimed on (not) Getting by in America is truly a powerful and emotional book. It opened my eyes. Her overall message that people cannot make it on a minimal wage job is true, they are isolated from the rest of the word. It seems as if in these last few years that the gap between rich and poor has grown to far to cross. How can we change this?

The Effects Of Crime On The Victim Essay - 1728 Words

In the past several years exonerations have increased astronomically. Aspects of this can be due to the advances with DNA evidence among other things. Although the effects on the exonerated are more than substantial the victim is usually under represented. In 2013 the ICF International analyzed several cases to show impacts of crime on the victim and what goes on during an exoneration. Influences experienced during a crime can range from physical to psychological for a victim. Physical affects can range from gunshot wounds, broken bones, and lacerations that leave scares for the rest of his or her life. Additionally psychological burdens can result in cardiac complications, strokes, and emotional strains. Of the days and even years to follow anxiety of reoccurrence, sleep disturbances, lifestyle, and eating patterns can affect the victim. Also financial strain can result in complications because of personal effects hindering them from performing at work. 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Crime has diverse effects on society in various ways, shapes or form. These criminal effects are impacted either on an individual basis or a continual basis in our everyday lives. These effects or outcomes, if you will, are prevalent on our streets we live on, the neighborhoods we are in, and even the states that we live in. The end result of crimes in our society has many different physical, financial, and emotional impacts. Among those influenced are the public, the victim, and the Police/LawRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System Has An Important Function942 Words   |  4 Pagestheir perceptions and actions toward victims can often shape how the victims feel about themselves and about the level of help they will receive. The first level interaction the victim will often have with the criminal justice system is with the police. Often how a police officer views certain crimes ultimately influences how they are going to treat the victim. 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Criminology is more on the study of the crime itself, theRead MoreThe United Nations Declaration Of Basic Principles Of Justice For Victims Of Crime And Abuse1521 Words   |  7 PagesPrinciples of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power (REF 1) defines victim as â€Å"persons who individually or collectively, have suffered harm, including physical or mental injury, emotional suffering, economic loss or substantial impairment of their fundamental rights, through acts or omissions that are in violation of criminal laws operative within Member States, including those laws proscribing criminal abuse of power†. Victimisation is the process and state of being a victim, and the study ofRead MoreEssay about Hate Crime Victimization1642 Words   |  7 Pages The word victim can be used to refer to a number of people who are affected by negative actions of others which are not related to any personal responsibility of their own. â€Å"An examination of U.S. history will re veal that a significant proportion of murders, assaults, and acts of vandalism and desecration were fueled by bigotry† (Karmen, 2013, p. 350). Hate crime victimization is a very prevalent and serious issue that exists amongst our society today that is often used to demonstrate a form of

Developing Knowledge of Phonology and Phonetic Sounds of Words

Developing Knowledge of Phonology and Phonetic Sounds of Words Brief description of the topic There are many factors that play an important role in the development of reading, writing, and literacy skills. One of these important factors is the development of knowledge of phonology and phonetic sounds of words, which is a topic that is chosen for this research paper. The knowledge of phonology and phonetic sounds of words primarily refers to the ability to understand the sound patterns that are related to the language that a child is exposed to. According to Stoel-Gammon (2011), developing knowledge of phonology and phonological development is mainly concerned with two basic components, i.e. a biologically based component that is related to the development of motor and speech skills required for pronunciation of words, and secondly, a cognitive linguistic component related to the learning of the phonological system of the language. It is the understanding of the various ways in which oral language can be manipulated and divided into smaller components. It also includes the understanding that it is phonemes or individual sounds that a word constitutes of and that these phonemes could be manipulated either by blending, segmenting, or changing individual phonemes in words for creating different words. Activities in class for enhancing instruction and their impact For enhancing the students’ skills in this area of phonological awareness and phonetic sounds of words, the activities that will be undertaken include teaching segmentation at different phonological levels, making them understand about phoneme deletion and substitution, and bringing awareness about letter-sound correspondence. For segmentation, activities would include teaching children how to segment sentences into words and then segmenting words into onsets, syllables and rimes would be considered. After children have learned removing the first sound of a word, they will also be taught how short words can be segmented into individual phonemes. Making them understand about phoneme deletion and substitution would require students to manipulate spoken words by deleting and substituting particular phonemes. For this purpose, a set of words would be selected and students would be asked to say those words without specific sounds or by substitution of some other sounds. In this way , deleting and substitution will be practiced in both ending and beginning sounds. Picture cards would be shown for further practicing and developing the knowledge of the students in this linguistic area, particularly for letter-sound correspondence. The above strategies and activities will make students familiar with phonology and phonetic sounds, which has been found out to facilitate word learning (Duff Hulme, 2012). Within the context of word recognition and development of spelling, the importance of knowledge of phonology and phonetic sounds is recognized (Gillon, 2012). Gillon (2012) has stated that there is a large body of research that has demonstrated the existence of a relationship between awareness of phonology and literacy development. Furthermore, the phonological awareness knowledge of a child is also identified as a major predictor in reading performance (Gillon, 2012). As a result of the research on the topic, developing knowledge of phonology and phonetic sound of words also brings better literacy outcomes (Carson et al., 2013). Hence, when the child is provided instruction in this area, he/she is able to give a better reading performance and in improved classroom performance. Ways in which the instruction reflects the Common Core State Standards in ELA Since the Common Core Standards in ELA asks students to read stories, literature, and complex texts that provide background knowledge and facts, the instruction will help students as it will enable them to read better. The instruction also reflects the Common Core Standards in ELA in the area of phonological awareness. In this area, it is expected that children demonstrate awareness and competence in blending and segmenting rimes and onsets, segmenting words into a sequence of individual sounds, adding or substituting sounds in words, knowing spelling-sound correspondence, etc. These areas are addressed in the instruction as segmenting at different phonological levels, making students understand about phoneme deletion and substitution, and bringing awareness about letter-sound correspondence is considered for enhancing instruction in this skill area. Ways in which the instruction helps in engaging and motivating students The instruction will help in engaging and motivating students by making use of colorful graphics and animations. Using multimedia resources, games, and graphics are good ways of keeping young learners engaged and motivated as it brings them fun and excitement (Habgood Ainsworth, 2011). Furthermore, when activities selected are developmentally appropriate, it facilitates in keeping the children engaged in the learning process, hence this will also be kept in consideration that the instruction and activities are planned according to the developmental stage of the learners. Providing a safe and supportive classroom environment in which the students are encouraged to learn and provided with opportunities for taking risks and responding openly to the activities that are initiated will also help in engaging and keeping learners motivated in the learning process. Ways in which technology can be incorporated for enhancing linguistic instruction In the current times, technology can be incorporated in many new ways for enhancing linguistic instruction. Northrop and Killeen (2013) suggest the use of iPads with relevant apps for building linguistic and literacy skills in the early years. Similarly, touch screen tablets and interactive whiteboards are also found out to be effective in engaging and motivating early learners and for enhancing linguistic instruction (Neumann Neumann, 2014). Children could play games that are designed to teach phonics and phonology in general or practice segmenting words, deleting and substituting, sound-letter correspondence etc. In this manner, the technology could facilitate the development of knowledge of phonology and phonetic sounds in an interesting and engaging way. Ways for providing for differentiation of instruction Differentiation of instruction is primarily concerned with the tailoring of instruction to meet the individual needs of different students in the classroom. When developing knowledge of phonology and phonetics, the diverse needs of students and their specific difficulties have to be taken into account when planning, teaching, and assessing them. Furthermore, the diverse backgrounds and the additional support that is required by learners also need to be identified and incorporated in the planning and teaching process. For example, there may be students with different learning styles, or students with reading difficulties or special needs or students learning English as a second language all within the same classroom. In such a scenario, for providing for such differences, the teacher could differentiate the process of teaching, content, products or resources, or the learning environment in order to cater to and provide to the needs of the different learners in the classroom (Watts-Taf fe et al., 2012). Conclusions/Reflections Phonology is a branch of linguistics, which is concerned mainly with the manner in which sounds organized and used in a language, while phonetics focuses on production of speech sounds. From the research carried out, knowledge of phonology and phonetic sounds of words is an important linguistic area for learners to develop. Research reveals that there exists a relationship between awareness of phonology and literacy development and literacy outcomes while this linguistic skill also has a significant impact on reading performance (Carson et al., 2012; Gillon, 2012). Given the importance of this linguistic skill, it is important for learners to be provided with sufficient opportunities in the classroom to develop in this area. Instruction that needs to be carried out should focus on areas that are reflected in Common Core Standards in ELA. These include segmentation at different phonological levels, making learners understand about phoneme deletion and substitution, and bringing awaren ess about letter-sound correspondence. All these are listed under phonological awareness and phonics and word recognition in the document. A teacher also needs to provide for differentiation of instruction since diversity is a key part of classrooms in the current times. In this regard, research reveals that the teacher could provide for differentiation by either differentiating the process of teaching, or content, or products or resources, or the learning environment in order to cater to and provide to the needs of the different learners in the classroom (Watts-Taffe et al., 2012). Students are also required to be motivated and engaged, and for this purpose, from research it was found out that there are many ways in which this can be done. However, using technology, playing games, and graphical illustrations are good ways of keeping young learners engaged and motivated as it brings them fun and excitement (Habgood Ainsworth, 2011). Touch screen tablets and interactive whiteboards are found out to be effective in this regard where learners could play games that are designed to teach phonics and phonology to them (Neuma nn Neumann, 2014).